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High Technology
April 20, 1949 - Sigurd and Russell Varian incorporated Varian Associates in
California; 1953 - became first building of Silicon
Valley, in Stanford Industrial Park, Palo Alto, CA (blend of
academic, commercial interests, became model for for modern
electronics, computer industries).
1951 - Frederick Terman,
dean of School of Engineering at Stanford University, allocated
700 acres of unused land on Stanford campus to
creation of Stanford Industrial Park in
response to demand for industrial land near university resources,
emerging electronics industry tied closely to School; first
university-owned industrial park, nation's first high-tech
research park; Varian Associates first lessee;
2008 - 162 buildings, 23,000
employees, 140 different companies in electronics, software,
biotechnology, other high-tech fields.
Frederick Terman
- Stanford Industrial Park (http://www.nap.edu/html/
biomems/photo/fterman.JPG)
October 1, 1957 - Fairchild Semiconductor formed in Mountain View, CA to develop, produce silicon
diffused transistors, other semiconductor devices; based on work
done by Gordon E. Moore, C. Sheldon Roberts, Eugene Kleiner,
Robert N. Noyce, Victor H. Grinich, Julius Blank, Jean A. Hoerni,
Jay T. Last, eight scientists who left Shockley Semiconductor
Laboratories in Santa Clara Valley (founded 1955) due to
management style and disenchantment with pure research of founder
William Shockley, co-inventor of transistor (1948); used $3500 of
their own money to develop method of mass-producing silicon
transistors using a double diffusion technique and a
chemical-etching system; Fairchild Camera and Instrument
Corporation invested $1.5 million in return for option to buy
company within eight years; profitable in six months.
April 7, 1959 - Sherman M. Fairchild, of New York, NY, received a patent for an
"Engraving Machine" ("automatic engraving machines of the type used for
the production of relief printing plates or the like automatically from
photographic or other originals, and more particularly to a means and
method for improving the quality of the reprodcutions obtained from such
automatically produded engraved plates"); assigned to Fairchild
Instrument and Camera Corporation.
May 27, 1959 - Dr. Bernard Rothlein, seven former engineers of Sperry Rand
Corporation founded National Semiconductor in Danbury, CT;
1961 - first profit of $38,222 on $2.97 million in sales.;
289 employees shipped 85% of all transistors to military accounts;
1967 - moved to Santa Clara, CA;
1975 - one of first major electronics companies
to enter toy, game market; 1981 - sales
totaled $1.1 billion, net earnings of $52.4 million; 1987
- acquired Fairchild Semiconductor; 1993 - sales
total $2 billion, earnings of $130.3 million; 1997 -
acquired Cyrix, manufacturer of microprocessors, for about $540
million; sold Fairchild; 1999 - sold most of Cyrix's
assets for less than $200 million; 2004 -
sales of $1.98 billion, income just shy of $283 million.
National Semiconductor - founders (http://www.national.com/company/
pressroom/images/founders.jpg) April 25, 1961 - Robert Noyce, of Los Altos, CA, received a patent for a
"Semiconductor Device-and-Lead Structure" ("electrical circuit
structures incorporating semiconductor devices"); integrated
circuit; complete
electronic circuit inside small silicon chip; assigned to
Fairchild Semiconductor Corp.
November 10, 1967 - Michael A. McNeilly
(28), formerly of Union Carbide's Silicones Division,
incorporated Applied Materials Technology, Inc. with $7,500 loan from his
father-in-law, idea to manufacture equipment, silane, high purity
chemicals (key to lower temperature deposition of many films); 1 employee; first
product was automated SiH 4 gas panel; demonstrated ability to deposit low
temperature oxide films safely;1972
- name changed to Applied Materials, Inc.
July 18, 1968 - Robert Noyce, Gordon Moore, Andy Grove incorporated The Intel
Corporation ( INTegrated ELectronics or 'Intel' for short) to
design and manufacture microprocessors and specialized integrated
circuits; 1971 - released its first microprocessor
(4004) designed for a calculator; 1972 - 8008
microprocessor; 1974 - 8080 introduced, first
personal computers made possible.
May 1, 1969 - Jerry Sanders founded Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) as manufacturer of integrated circuits; later became second-largest
supplier of x86 compatible processors.
July 1, 1970 - Xerox Palo
Alto Research Center (PARC) opened (founded by
Dr. George E. Pake); 1971
- world's first laser computer
printer demonstrated artificially generated laser raster output
scanner (ROS) xerography (basis of
Xerox's xerographic printing business, $1 billion in sales
in 1986); 1975 -
engineers demonstrated graphical user interface for personal
computer, included icons, first use of pop-up menus; 1989
- world leader in development of embedded data schemes; 1993
- PARC's Chief
Technologist and his band first musical group to perform live on
Internet (beat Rolling Stones by 20 minutes); January
4, 2002 - became independent, renamed Palo Alto
Research Center Incorporated (research,
innovation to industry leaders in many fields).
1973 - Intel's chairman Gordon Moore publicly revealed prophecy that
number of transistors on a microchip will double every year and a
half (later known as Moore's Law); held true for more than
twenty years.
June 28, 1974 - Marcian Edward Hoff, Jr., of Santa Clara, CA, Stanley Mazor, of
Sunnyvale, CA, and Federico Faggin of Cupertino, CA, received a
patent for a "Memory System for a Multi-Chip Digital Computer".
April 4, 1975 - Bill Gates, Paul Allen founded Microsoft Corporation in
Albuquerque, NM; November 29, 1975- Microsoft,
without hyphen, first used in letter from Bill Gates to Paul
Allen; 1980 - released first operating system,
Xenix.
1979 - Alan Shugart , Finis Conner founded Seagate Technology as disk drive manufacturer; 1980
- built industry's
first 5.25–inch hard drive (same size as floppy disks, more
capacity); May 1993 - shipped 50 millionth disc
drive; February 1996 - merged with Conner
Peripherals, formed world's largest independent storage device
manufacturer; March 1998 - produced one billionth
magnetic recording heads; April 1999 - shipped 250
millionth disc drive; January 2003 - shipped record
18.3 million disc drives in quarter ended December 2002;
March 2005 - shipped 10 millionth 15K RPM disc drive; July 2005 - shipped quarterly record 27.3 million hard
disc drives; May 2006 - acquired Maxtor Corporation.
December 12, 1980 - Computer Software Act of 1980 defined computer programs,
clarified extent of protection afforded computer software.
1981 - Wilfred J. Corrigan founded LSI Logic with $6 million in venture capital, no
customers, business model to design custom circuits that would distinguish
customer's end product; pioneered ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit)
industry.
1982 - Jim Clark (38), electrical engineering associate
professor at Stanford University, six students founded Silicon
Graphics to produce three-dimensional computer graphics programs
(high-performance visual computing systems); venture funding from
Mayfield Group; 1987 - sold workstations to US
military, NASA, British Aerospace, automobile manufacturers,
Hollywood film makers; February 28, 1994 - Clark
left company to sue applications software opportunities (founded
Netscape); 1999 - changed corporate identity to "SGI"
in attempt to clarify current market position as more than
graphics company; May 8, 2006 - filed for Chapter 11
bankruptcy protection for itself and U.S. subsidiaries as part of
plan to reduce debt by $250 million; October 17, 2006
- emerged from bankruptcy.
February 1982 - Former Stanford University students Scott McNealy (27), Vinod
Khosla, Andy Bechtolsheim, Bill Joy founded Sun Microsystems in
Palo Alto, CA (Sun is acronym for Stanford University Network) to
make engineering computer workstations; 1983 -
signed $40 million OEM agreement with Computervision; 1988
- $1 billion in revenue (fastest rise ever for computer company
with direct sales force); 1992 - shipped more
multiprocessing UNIX servers in single year than any other vendor
shipped in history; 1993 - one million systems
shipped just over 10 years; made its debut on Fortune 500;
1995 - introduced Java technology, first universal
software platform, designed from ground up for Internet and
corporate intranets; enabled developers to write applications once
to run on any computer; 1996 - licensed Java
technology to all major hardware and software companies;
1997 - first systems company ever to demonstrate best TPC-C
performance on all four leading database platforms; 2001
- $18.25 billion global leader in network computing solutions; 2005 - largest business contributor to global open
source community with donation of 1,600 patents.
December 1982 - John Warnock, Charles Geschke founded Adobe Systems (named
for Adobe Creek, ran behind house of one of founders); left Xerox
PARC in order to further develop, commercialize PostScript page
description language; 1985 - Apple Computer licensed
PostScript for use in LaserWriter printer product line; 1989
- introduced Adobe Photoshop for Macintosh; extremely stable,
well-featured, well marketed; soon dominated market; 1994
- acquired Aldus, PageMaker and TIFF file format; 1995
- acquired long-document DTP application FrameMaker from Frame
Technologies; December 3, 2005 - acquired
Macromedia, former competitor; for about $3.4 billion.
1983 - Rob Campbell, Taylor Pohlman founded Forethought, Inc to develop
object oriented bit-mapped application software; 1984
- hired Bob Gaskins, former Ph.D. student at University of
California, Berkeley, in exchange for large percentage of
company's stock; led development, with software developer Dennis
Austin, of program called Presenter; later renamed PowerPoint; April 1987 - PowerPoint 1.0 released for Apple
Macintosh; black and white overhead transparencies; sold more than
$1 million of software in first day of availability; acquired by
Microsoft Corporation for $14 million; became Microsoft's graphics
business unit; May 1990 - released fro Windows.
1983 - Scott D. Cook,
former banking and technology consultant for Bain & Company, founded Intuit
Corporation with Quicken personal finance software, simplified balancing of
family checkbook; May 6, 1986 - registered "Quicken" trademark
first used April 10, 1984 (computer software programs and user documentation
supplied therewith).
April 10, 1989 - Intel Corp announced shipment of 80-486 chip.
1992 - Jeff Hawkins, formerly of GRID Computers, founded Palm Computing Inc. as
software maker for handhelds; October 1993 - introduced the "Zoomer"
(too big, too slow, too expensive, too many features); September 1995
- acquired by U. S. Robotics for $45 million; February 1996 -
showed Palm Pilot at DEMO conference; May 1996 - introduced Palm
Pilot 1000™ and Pilot 5000™ organizers; June 1996 - acquired by
3Com; October 21, 1997 - Palm Computing Inc. registered "PalmPilot"
trademark (handheld computing systems); July 1998 - Hawkins,
Dubinsky left company.
March 22, 1993 - Intel introduced Pentium-processor (80586) 64 bits-60 MHz-100+
MIPS.
October 1994 - First version of Netscape navigator released; November 1998 -
acquired by AOL for $4.2 billion; February 1, 2008 - support from
Time Warner's AOL unit terminated (no more security releases, updates); lost in
competition to open-source Firefox, Microsoft's Internet Explorer.
June 10, 1996 - Intel released 200 mhz pentium chip.
August 6, 1997 - Apple Computer, Microsoft agreed to share technology; $150
million deal gave Microsoft minority stake in Apple.
February 12, 1998 - Intel unveiled first graphics chip i740.
March 26, 1998 - Andy Grove announced he was stepping down as CEO of
Intel Corp. (Time Magazine's "Man of the Year" in 1997); made
crucial call not to share Intel's "intellectual rights" with
"other suppliers"; succeeded by Intel President and Chief
Operating Officer, Craig Barrett.
April 24, 2006 - Scott G. McNealy, one of founders of Sun Microsystems, stepped
aside after 22 years as CEO.
(Adobe Systems), Pamela Pfiffner (2003).
Inside the Publishing Revolution: The Adobe Story.
(Berkeley, CA: Adobe Press, 255 p.). Adobe Systems; Desktop
publishing.
(Advanced Micro Devices), Jeffrey L. Rodengen (1998). The
Spirit of AMD: Advanced Micro Devices. (Ft. Lauderdale, FL:
Write Stuff Enterprises, 160 p.). Advanced Micro Devices (Firm);
Semiconductor industry--United States; Microelectronics
industry--United States.
(Applied Materials), Jeffrey L. Rodengen (2000). Applied
Materials: Pioneering the Information Age. (Ft. Lauderdale,
FL: Write Stuff Enterprises, 163 p.). Applied Materials, Inc.
(Banner Blue Software), Kenneth L. Hess (2001). Bootstrap:
Lessons Learned Building a Successful Company from Scratch.
(Carmel, CA: S-Curve Press, 301 p.). Banner Blue Software
(Firm)--History; New business enterprises--United
States--Management; Entrepreneurship--United States; Computer
software industry--United States--History.
(Chandler Project), Scott Rosenberg (2007).
Dreaming in Code: Two Dozen Programmers, Three Years, 4,732 Bugs,
and One Quest for Transcendent Software. (New York, NY:
Crown Publishers, 416 p.). Co-Founder of Salon. Computer
software--Development. Software equivalent of "Soul of a New
Machine".Three years following group developing
novel personal information manager to challenge market-leader
Microsoft Outlook.
(Comcate Inc.), Ben Casnocha; foreword by Marc Benioff
(2007).
My Start-Up Life: What a (Very) Young CEO Learned on His Journey
through Silicon Valley. (San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass,
208 p.). Founder, Comcate. Comcate (Firm); Internet software
industry--United States; Computer software industry--United
States; New business enterprises--United States--Management;
Entrepreneurship--United States.Story of
his start-up (better way for city governments to communicate with
constituents on Web), conversation with mentors, clients, fellow
entrepreneurs about how to make a business idea work.
(Foveon), George Gilder (2005). The Silicon Eye: How a
Silicon Valley Company Aims to Make All Current Computers,
Cameras, and Cell Phones Obsolete. (New York, NY: Norton, 288
p.). Publisher (Gilder Technology Report). Mead, Carver; Faggin,
Federico, 1941- ; Foveon (Firm); High technology
industries--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County);
Digital electronics; Photography--Digital techniques; Electronic
digital computers; Artificial intelligence; Computer vision;
Visual perception; Cellular telephones.
Two-billion-dollar market for cameras in the digital technology
revolution.
(Intel), Andrew S. Grove (1983). High Output Management.
(New York, NY: Random House, 235 p.). Industrial management.
--- (1996). Only the Paranoid Survive: How To Exploit the
Crisis Points That Challenge Every Company and Career. (New
York, NY: Doubleday, 210 p.). CEO (Intel). Organizational change;
Strategic planning; Technological innovations--Economic aspects.
(Intel), Tim Jackson (1997). Inside Intel: Andy Grove and
the Rise of the World's Most Powerful Chip Company. (New York,
NY: Dutton, 424 p.). Grove, Andrew S.; Intel Corporation;
Semiconductor industry--United States; High technology
industries--United States--Management; Technological
innovations--Economic aspects--United States; Corporations--United
States; Chief executive officers--United States. Intel plays
hardball; Grove not Mr. Nice Guy.
(Intel), Albert Yu (1998). Creating the Digital Future: The
Secrets of Consistent Innovation at Intel. (New York, NY: Free
Press, 214 p.). Senior Vice President (Intel). Intel Corporation;
Semiconductor industry--United States; Intel
microprocessors--United States; High technology industries--United
States--Management; Corporations--United States; Success in
business--United States.
(Intel), Andrew S. Grove (2001). Swimming Across: A Memoir.
(New York, NY: Warner Books, 290 p.). CEO, Intel. Grove, Andrew
S.; Intel Corporation; Electronics engineers--United
States--Biography; Executives--United States--Biography; Holocaust
survivors--Hungary--Biography; Semiconductors.
(Intel), Leslie Berlin (2005). The Man Behind the Microchip:
Robert Noyce and the Invention of Silicon Valley. (New York,
NY: Oxford University Press, 480 p.). Visiting Scholar at the
History and Philosophy of Science and Technology Program of
Stanford University. Noyce, Robert N., 1927- ;
Electronics engineers--United States--Biography; Santa Clara
Valley (Santa Clara County, Calif.)--History.
One of the most important inventors and
entrepreneurs of our time: 1) biography of Robert Noyce; 2)
entrepreneurialism told as business history; 3) history of
technology (integrated circuit, microelectronics and semiconductor
industry, their contextual location: Silicon Valley).
(Intel), Robert P. Colwell (2006). The Pentium Chronicles:
The People, Passion, and Politics Behind Intel's Landmark Chips.
(Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 187 p.). Intel Project Manager. Intel
Corporation; Intel microprocessors--Design and construction.Lessons learned directing the team that
designed and produced the most successful microprocessor in
history.
(Intel), Richard S. Tedlow (2006).
Andy Grove: The Life and Times of an American. (New York,
NY: Portfolio, 576 p.). Class of 1949 Professor of Business
Administration (Harvard Business School). Grove, Andrew S.; Intel
Corporation; Chief executive officers--United States; United
States--Biography.Fled to America at age
twenty, studied engineering, became third employee
of Intel; became talented manager; taught
himself to lead major company through some of toughest
challenges in business history.
(Intel), Bob Coleman, Logan Shrine (2007).
Losing Faith: How the (Andy) Grove Survivors Led the Decline of
Intel's Corporate Culture, 223 p.). 15 Years at Intel.
Intel Corporation; Corporate culture.Post-Andy Grove
Intel, cultural anomalies, why company has not successfully diversified beyond
Grove-led dominance in microprocessors; became sluggish,
ineffectual bureaucracy dominated by cronyism; gap between
management behaviors and published values.
Robert Noyce- Intel (http://www.grinnell.edu/ academic/noycevisit/
aboutrnnoyce49/ includes\index0.jpg)
Gordon Moore- Intel (http://www.intel.com/
technology/magazine/ pix/moore_2.jpg)
Andy Grove-
Intel (http://www.intel.com/ pressroom/kits/ education/isef/2001photos/
andy_grove_isef2001.jpg)
(Intuit), Suzanne Taylor, Kathy Schroeder (2003). Inside
Intuit: How the Makers of Quicken Beat Microsoft and
Revolutionized an Entire Industry. (Boston, MA: Harvard
Business School Press, 318 p.). Marketing Consultant (Intuit for
eight years); Marketing Executive (Ford). Intuit (Firm) History;
Microsoft Corporation; Quicken (Computer file); Computer software
industry United States; Competition United States.
(LSI Logic), Rob Walker, Nancy Tersini (1992). Silicon
Destiny: The Story of Application Specific Integrated Circuits and
LSI Logic Corporation. (Milpitas, CA: C.M.C. Publications.
Founder, LSI Logic. Integrated circuits industry; LSI Logic.
(MacNeal-Schwendler Corporation), Richard H. MacNeal (1988).
The MacNeal-Schwendler Corporation: The First Twenty Years.
(Santa Ana, CA: R.H. MacNeal, 202 p.). MacNeal-Schwendler
Corporation--History; Computer software industry--United
States--History.
(National Semiconductor), Gil Amelio, William L. Simon (1996).
Profit from Experience: The National Semiconductor Story of
Transformation Management. (New York, NY: Van Nostrand
Reinhold, 312 p.). Former CEO (National Semiconductor). Amelio,
Gil; National Semiconductor Corporation--Management; Semiconductor
industry--United States--History.
(National Semiconductor), Robert H. Miles; foreword by Gil
Amelio (1997). Corporate Comeback: The Story of Renewal and
Transformation at National Semiconductor. (San Francisco, CA:
Jossey-Bass, 388 p.). National Semiconductor
Corporation--Management; Semiconductor industry--United
States--Management; Corporate turnarounds--United States--Case
studies.
National Semiconductor
- founders (http://www.national.com/company/
pressroom/images/founders.jpg)
(Oracle), Mike Wilson (1997). The Difference Between God and
Larry Ellison: Inside Oracle Corporation. (New York, NY:
Morrow, 385 p.). Ellison, Larry; Oracle Corporation--History;
Computer software industry--United States--History;
Businesspeople--United States--Biography.
(Oracle), Stuart Read (2000). The Oracle Edge: How Oracle
Corporation's Take No Prisoners Strategy Has Created an $8 billion
Software Powerhouse. (Holbrook, MA: Adams Media, 242 p.).
Elison, Larry; Oracle Corporation--History; Computer software
industry--United States--History; Businessmen--United
States--Biography.
(Oracle), Florence Stone (2002).The Oracle of Oracle: The
Story of Volatile CEO Ellison and the Strategies Behind His
Company's Phenomenal Success. (New York, NY: AMACOM, 224 p.).
Ellison, Larry; Oracle Corporation--History; Computer software
industry--United States--History; Businesspeople--United
States--Biography.
(Oracle), Mathew Symonds with commentary by Larry Ellison
(2003). Softwar: An Intimate Portrait of Larry Ellison and
Oracle. (New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 528 p.). Technology
Editor (Economist). Ellison, Larry; Oracle Corporation--History;
Computer software industry--United States--History;
Businessmen--United States--Biography.
(Oracle), Karen Southwick (2003). Everyone Else Must Fail:
The Unvarnished Truth about Oracle and Larry Ellison. (New
York, NY: Crown Business, 320 p.). Executive Editor (CNET News.com).
Ellison, Larry; Oracle Corporation--History; Computer software
industry--United States--History; Businessmen--United
States--Biography.
Larry Ellison- Oracle (http://www.linux-magazin.de/Artikel/
ausgabe/ 2002/09/zut/ larry_ellison1_s.jpg)
(Palm), Andrea Butter & David Pogue (2002). Piloting Palm:
The Inside Story of Palm, Handspring, and the Birth of the
Billion-Dollar Handheld Industry. (New York, NY: Wiley, 353
p.). Former Marketing Director Palm), Contributor (New York
Times). PalmPilot (Computer); Handspring Visor (Computer); Pocket
computers; Computer industry--United States.
(Sun Microsystems), Mark Hall and John Barry; foreword by Tom
Peters (1990). Sunburst: The Ascent of Sun Microsystems.
(Chicago, IL: Contemporary Books,, 297 p.). Sun Microsystems;
Computer industry--United States.
(Sun Microsystems), Karen Southwick (1999). High Noon: The
Inside Story of Scott McNealy and the Rise of Sun Microsystems.
(New York, NY: Wiley, 242 p.). Executive Editor, CNET News.com.
McNealy, Scott; Sun Microsystems; Computer scientists--Biography.
Scott McNealy- Sun Microsystems (http://www.sun.com/ aboutsun/
media/ceo/pics/img-mcnealy.jpg)
(Teledyne), George A. Roberts, Robert J. McVicker (2007).
Distant Force: A Memoir of the Teledyne Corporation and the Man Who
Created It. (Thousand Oaks, CA: Teledyne Corporation, 316 p.).
Former Chairman (January 1991-March 1993). Teledyne Corporation;
Singleton, Dr. Henry E.; electronics--History. How Henry Singleton
created, built Teledyne Corporation into diversified 4 billion dollar
corporation; controversial but successful
in generating high returns to shareholders.
(Varian Associates), Dorothy Varian (1983).The Inventor and the Pilot: Russell and Sigurd Varian.
(Palo Alto, CA: Pacific Books, 314 p.). Varian, Russell Harrison,
1898-1959; Varian, Sigurd Fergus, 1901-1961; Electronic
industries--United States--Biography.
Po Bronson (1999). The Nudist on the Late Shift and Other
True Tales of Silicon Valley. (New York, NY: Random House, 248
p.). Contributor to Wired Magazine. Computer
industry--California--Santa Clara County; High technology
industries--California--Santa Clara County;
Entrepreneurship--California--Santa Clara County; Success in
business--California--Santa Clara County;
Wealth--California--Santa Clara County.
Robert X. Cringely (1996). Accidental Empires: How the Boys
of Silicon Valley Make Their Millions, Battle Foreign Competition
and Still Can't Get a Date. (New York, NY: HarperBusiness,
Revised and expanded; 370 p.). Computer Industry.
Nick Dyer-Witheford (1999). Cyber-Marx: Cycles and Circuits
of Struggle in High-Technology Capitalism. (Urbana, IL:
University of Illinois Press, 344 p.). High technology industries;
Technological innovations--Economic aspects; Capitalism;
Information technology--Economic aspects; Socialism; Business
cycles. Contents: Differences -- Revolutions -- Marxisms -- Cycles
-- Circuits -- Planets -- Postmodernists -- Alternatives --
Intellects.
June A. English-Lueck (2002). Cultures@Silicon Valley.
(Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 201 p.).
Ethnology--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County);
Pluralism (Social sciences)--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County); Technological innovations--Social
aspects--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County);
Computers--Social aspects--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County); Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County,
Calif.)--Civilization--20th century; Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County, Calif.)--Ethnic relations; Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County, Calif.)--Social conditions--20th century; Santa
Clara Valley (Santa Clara County, Calif.)--Social life and
customs--20th century.
David S. Evans, Andrei Hagiu, and Richard Schmalensee (2006).
Invisible Engines: How Software Platforms Drive Innovation and
Transform Industries. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 400 p.).
Managing Director of the Global Competition Policy Practice at
LECG LLC; Assistant Professor of Strategy (Harvard Business
School); John C. Head III Dean and Professor of Management and
Economics at Sloan School of Management (MIT). Application program
interfaces (Computer software); Industries--Data processing.
Technological meeting ground where application developers
and end users converge, profits result.
Charles H. Ferguson (1999). High Stakes, No Prisoners: How I
Won My David-and-Goliath Battle in Silicon Valley. (New
York, NY: Times Business, 400 p.). High Technology Industries, Computer
Industry, Entrepreneurship. What it takes to achieve
success in Silicon Valley - from "cool idea" to market-dominating product.
Christine Finn (2001). Artifacts: An Archaeologist's Year in
Silicon Valley. (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, p.). Archaeology
Research Associate (Oxford University). Finn,
Christine--Journeys--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County); Material culture--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County); Technological innovations--Social
aspects--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County);
Computers--Social aspects--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County); Technology and civilization;
Archaeologists--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County)--Biography; Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County,
Calif.)--Civilization--20th century; Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County, Calif.)--Description and travel; Santa Clara Valley
(Santa Clara County, Calif.)--Social life and customs--20th
century. Author lived in Santa Clara Valley in 2000 and attempts
to analyze the impact of technology's boom and bust cycle on
society and culture.
Dirk Hanson (1982). The New Alchemists: Silicon Valley and
the Microelectronics Revolution. (Boston, MA: Little, Brown,
364 p.). Microelectronics industry--California--History.
David A. Kaplan (1999). The Silicon Boys and Their Valley of
Dreams. (New York, NY: Morrow, 358 p.). Writer (Newsweek).
Microelectronics industry -- California -- Santa Clara County;
High technology industries -- California -- Santa Clara County;
Businessmen -- California -- Santa Clara County; Santa Clara
County (Calif.) -- Economic conditions.
Ed. Martin Kenney (2000). Understanding Silicon Valley: The
Anatomy of an Entrepreneurial Region. (Stanford, CA: Stanford
University Press, 285 p.). High technology
industries--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County);
Business enterprises--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County); Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County, Calif.)--Economic
conditions; Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County,
Calif.)--Social conditions.
Dan M. Khanna (1997). The Rise, Decline, and Renewal of
Silicon Valley’s High Technology Industry. (New York, NY:
Garland Pub., 181 p.). Microelectronics
industry--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County);
High technology industries--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County); Microelectronics industry--California--Santa Clara
Valley (Santa Clara County)--Management; Competition,
International.
Christian Lecuyer (2005). Making Silicon Valley: Innovation
and the Growth of High Tech, 1930-1970. (Cambridge, MA: MIT
Press, 424 p.). Historian at the Chemical Heritage Foundation.
High technology industries--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County)--History--20th century; Microelectronics
industry--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County)--History--20th century;
Entrepreneurship--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County); Military-industrial complex--California--History--20th
century; Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County,
Calif.)--History--20th century.Silicon
Valley's emergence, growth made possible by development in
manufacturing, product engineering, management.
Ed. Chong-Moon Lee ... [et al.] (2000). The Silicon Valley
Edge: A Habitat for Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
(Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 424 p.). High technology
industries--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County);
New business enterprises--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County); Entrepreneurship--California--Santa Clara Valley
(Santa Clara County); Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County,
Calif.)--Economic conditions; Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County, Calif.)--Social conditions.
Michael Lewis (2000). The New New Thing: A Silicon Valley
Story. (New York, NY: W.W. Norton & Co., 268 p.). Journalist.
Clark, Jim, 1944-; Businessmen--United States--Biography; Computer
software industry--United States--History.
Thomas Mahon (1985). Charged Bodies: People, Power, and
Paradox in Silicon Valley. (New York, NY: New American
Library, 339 p.). Microelectronics industry--California--Santa
Clara Valley (Santa Clara County)--Biography; Computer
industry--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County)--Biography; Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County,
Calif.)--Biography; Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County,
Calif.)--Economic conditions; Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County, Calif.)--Social conditions.
Michael S. Malone (1985). The Big Score: The Billion-Dollar
Story of Silicon Valley. (New York, NY: Doubleday, 442 p.).
Microelectronics industry -- California -- Santa Clara County.
--- (1995). The Microprocessor: A Biography. (Santa
Clara, Ca: TELOS, 333 p.). Microprocessors--United
States--History.
--- (2002). The Valley of Heart's Delight: A Silicon Valley
Notebook, 1963-2001. (New York, NY: Wiley, 276 p.). Malone,
Michael S. (Michael Shawn), 1954- ; High technology
industries--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County)--History; Entrepreneurship--California--Santa Clara Valley
(Santa Clara County).
--- (2002). Betting It All: The Entrepreneurs of Technology.
(New York, NY: Wiley, 272 p.). Businesspeople--United
States--Biography; Businesspeople--United States--Interviews;
Computer industry--United States--Biography; Computer software
industry--United States--Biography; Microelectronics
industry--United States--Biography; Entrepreneurship--United
States--Case studies; Microelectronics industry--California--Santa
Clara County--History; Risk; Santa Clara County
(Calif.)--Biography.
David G. McKendrick, Richard F. Doner, Stephan Haggard (2000).
From Silicon Valley to Singapore: Location and Competitive
Advantage in the Hard Disk Drive Industry. (Stanford, CA:
Stanford University Press, 351 p.). Data disk drives
industry--Asia, Southeastern--Case studies; Data disk drives
industry--United States; Industrial location--Case studies;
Comparative advantage (International trade)--Case studies;
Competition, International--Case studies.
Robert H. Miles (1997). Leading Corporate Transformation: A
Blueprint for Business Renewal. (San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass,
260 p.). National Semiconductor Corporation--Management; Southern
Company--Management; Corporate turnarounds--United States--Case
studies.
Jane Morgan (1967).
Electronics in the West: The First Fifty Years. (Palo
Alto, CA: National Press Books, 194 p.). Electronic
industries--California--San Francisco Bay Area.
David Naguib Pellow and Lisa Sun-Hee Park (2002). The
Silicon
Valley of Dreams: Environmental Injustice, Immigrant Workers, and
the high-Tech Global Economy. (New York, NY: New York
University Press, 303 p.). Associate Professor of Ethnic Studies
and Director, California Cultures in Comparative Perspective
(University of California, San Diego); Assistant Professor of
Ethnic Studies and Urban Studies and Planning (University of
California, San Diego). High technology industries--Environmental
aspects--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County);
Agriculture--Environmental aspects--California--Santa Clara Valley
(Santa Clara County)' Alien labor--California--Santa Clara Valley
(Santa Clara County); Minorities--California--Santa Clara Valley
(Santa Clara County); Environmental justice--California--Santa
Clara Valley (Santa Clara County).
Dennis Posadas (2005). Rice Bowl & Chips: How Asian
Countries Are Using the Silicon Valley Model To Develop Technology
Startups. (Lincoln, NE: iUniverse, Inc., 130 P.). High
technology industries--Asia; High technology startups.Similarities, differences between Silicon
Valley and Asian countries such as China, Taiwan, Singapore and
Korea.
T. R. Reid (1984). The Chip: How Two Americans Invented the
Microchip and Launched a Revolution. (New York, NY: Simon &
Schuster, 243 p.). Kilby, Jack S., 1923- ; Noyce, Robert N., 1927-
; Microelectronics--History.
Everett M. Rogers & Judith K. Larsen (1984). Silicon Valley
Fever: Growth of High-Technology Culture. (New York, NY: Basic
Books, 302 p.). Microelectronics industry--California--Santa Clara
Valley (Santa Clara County)--History; Semiconductor
industry--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County)--History; High technology industries--California--Santa
Clara Valley (Santa Clara County)--History.
Mohan Sawhney, Ranjay Gulati, Anthony Paoni, Kellogg
TechVenture Team (2001). TechVenture: New Rules on Value and
Profit from Silicon Valley. (New York, NY: Wiley, 368 p.).
Professors, Kellogg Graduate School of Management (Morwestern
University). Electronic commerce; Electronic commerce--Finance;
Business enterprises--Computer networks--Management; Venture
capital; Electronic commerce--California.
AnnaLee Saxenian (1994). Regional Advantage: Culture and
Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128. (Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press, 226 p.). High technology
industries--California, Northern; High technology
industries--Massachusetts; United States--Economic
conditions--1981---Regional disparities.
--- (2006). The New Argonauts: Regional Advantage in a
Global Economy. (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 432
p.). Dean of the School of Information (University of California,
Berkeley). High technology industries--Developing countries;
Immigrants--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara County);
Cooperative industrial research--California--Santa Clara Valley
(Santa Clara County).Entrepreneurs build
regional advantage to compete in global markets.
Allen J. Scott (1993). Technopolis: High-Technology Industry
and Regional Development in Southern California. (Berkeley,
CA: University of California Press, 322 p.). Director of the Lewis
Center for Regional Policy Studies and Professor of Geography
(University of California, Los Angeles). High technology
industries--California, Southern; Regional planning--California,
Southern; Industrial location--California, Southern.
Charles G. Sigismund (2000). Champions of Silicon Valley:
Visionary Thinking from Today's Technology Pioneers. (New
York, NY: Wiley, 294 p.). High technology industries--Management;
Computer industry--Management; Computer software
industry--Management; Leadership.
Karen Southwick (1999). Silicon Gold Rush : The Next
Generation of High-tech Stars Rewrites the Rules of Business.
(New York, NY: Wiley, 248 p.). Executive Editor, CNET News.com.
Computer Industry, Computer Software Industry, High-Technology
Industries.
Fred Warshofsky (1989). The Chip War: The Battle for the
World of Tomorrow. (New York, NY: Scribner, 434 p.).
Integrated circuits industry; Competition, International.
Bernard P. Wong (2005). The Chinese in Silicon Valley:
Globalization, Social Networks, and Ethnic Identity. (Lanham,
MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 267 p.). High technology
industries--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa Clara
County)--History; Chinese--California--Santa Clara Valley (Santa
Clara County)--History; Chinese Americans--California--Santa Clara
Valley (Santa Clara County)--Social conditions.
Jeffrey Zygmont (2003). Microchip: An Idea, Its Genesis, and
the Revolution It Created. (Cambridge, MA: Perseus, 245 p.).
Integrated circuits--History; Computer industry--United
States--History; Computer engineering--United States--History.
Business History Links
The Evolution of the PDA 1975-1995
http://www.snarc.net/pda/pda-treatise.htm
This document is a comprehensive timeline of the evolution of
personal digital assistants. Specifically, my intention is to
clarify which companies premiered each of the primary front-end
features that are considered standard in modern devices, from the
technology's invention to its acceptance as a mainstream product
category in the mid-1990s. This is not a discussion of back-end
technologies such as architectures, chips, programming interfaces,
and speeds. By "premiered," I mean "first to actually include the
technology in a relevant product," not necessarily the actual
inventors of each technology.
FAQ: Forty Years of Moore's Law
http://news.com.com/FAQ+Forty+years+of+Moores+Law/2100-1006_3-5647824.html?tag=nl
"This FAQ explains the impact and consequences of the principles
set down" in Intel co-founder Gordon Moore's April 19, 1965,
article in which he observed that "the number of transistors ...on
a chip can be doubled in a short period of time." This observation
is known as Moore's Law. Includes photos, diagrams, and links to
related articles. From CNET News.com. Subjects: Transistors;
Computers; Electronic industries.
Intel Museum
http://www.intel.com/intel/intelis/museum/
At the Intel Museum in Santa Clara, you can experience the power
of computer chips first hand, and the evolution of their
development. Learn also about how microprocessors work, how
transistors work, about memory technology and about the history of
the microprocessor.
Intel: Silicon: Moore's Law
http://www.intel.com/research/silicon/mooreslaw.htm
Information about the observation made in 1965 by Gordon Moore,
co-founder of Intel, that the number of transistors on integrated
circuits would double "every couple of years. ... Intel expects
that it will continue at least through the end of this decade."
Includes Moore's original paper, a comparison of transistors on
Intel processors from 1971 through 2003, and related material.
From Intel Corporation. Subjects: Transistors; Computers;
Electronic industries.
Programming Languages: A Brief History
http://www.byte.com/art/9509/sec7/art19.htm
This timeline covers innovations in languages used for programming
computers from 1946-1995. Entries include the development of
FORTRAN (mathematical FORmula TRANslating system) in 1957, COBOL (COmmon
Business-Oriented Language) created in 1959, Bill Gates and Paul
Allen's version of BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic
Instruction Code) in 1975, and more. From BYTE.com.
Santa Clara County: California's Historic Silicon Valley
http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/santaclara/
This National Park Service (NPS) itinerary "highlights 28 places
listed in the National Register of Historic Places that illustrate
how this fertile valley blossomed from a series of small
agricultural towns ... into the center of the technology
revolution." It features "a wide variety of historic buildings,
from adobe pueblos to the Art Deco De Anza Hotel, from the
eclectic Victorian architecture of the ... Winchester House to the
... home of President Herbert Hoover."
Silicon Genesis
http://silicongenesis.stanford.edu/
Collection of oral history
interviews with pioneers of the semiconductor industry.
Silicon Valley Cultures Project Website: What We Are
Finding
http://www.sjsu.edu/depts/anthropology/svcp/SVCPfind.html
The Silicon Valley Cultures Project from the Anthropology
Department at San Jose State University (last mentioned in the
June 1, 2000 issue of the Scout Report for Business & Economics)
has recently published a book excerpt, along with three newly
released reports and articles, on their Web site. The book excerpt
is from _Cultures@SiliconValley_ by J.A. English-Lueck, and it
provides a 16-page abstract of the book. The first new report
"Creating Culture in Dual Career Families" by C. N. Darrah, J. A.
English-Lueck, and J. M. Freeman (all from the Department of
Anthropology at San Jose State University) is based on
ethnographic fieldwork conducted with fourteen different families
between 1998-2000. The second report, "Success and Survival in
Silicon Valley: An Ethnography of Learning Networks" by J.A.
English-Lueck, Sabrina Valade, Sheri Swiger, and Guillermo
Narvaez, was presented to the Center for Educational Planning's
Santa Clara County Office of Education on March 21, 2002. This
report takes an ethnographic look at the lives of students,
teachers, and workers as they find their way through the maze of
de facto education. The last newly released report, "Students,
Technology and Everyday Life" by Dr. Chuck Darrah, was
prepared for the Junior Achievement of Santa Clara County and the Institute for
the Future, and explores how the incorporation of information technology in the
lives of middle and high school students can best prepare them for careers in
the Silicon Valley region. This paper elicits potential questions for further
investigation and, therefore, does not provide definitive answers to complex and
emerging issues.
Silicon Valley History
http://www.netvalley.com/svhistory.htm
Silicon Valley History Online
http://www.siliconvalleyhistory.org/
Gateway to the major historical resources of California's Santa
Clara Valley - photographs, maps, letters, postcards, manuscripts,
scrapbooks, menus, programs from events, and many other materials
from local libraries, archives, and museums. As described on this
website, Silicon Valley is "a bellwether beast, pursuing the
newest technologies on the drawing board and in the hand". This
compelling online digital archive was created by a consortium of
organizations and institutions located in the Silicon Valley,
including the History San Jose Research Library and the Santa
Clara University Archives. Appropriately enough, visitors entering
through the site's homepage will be greeted by a number of
context-specific images, including a couple of peaches, a
microchip processor, and a historical photograph of two scientists
at work. From there, visitors can delve into the documents
collected here by clicking on one of the general headings, such as
education, people, technology, agriculture, and urban life.
Currently, the archive contains close to 1000 images, and users
are free to browse through them at their leisure. Visitors can
also create customized searches and save their favorite images to
a "My Favorites" area.
SiliconValleyWatcher
http://www.siliconvalleywatcher.com
September 2004 - Silicon Valley Watcher—Reporting on the business
and culture of Silicon Valley is published by Tom Foremski, former
news reporter and Silicon Valley columnist for the Financial
Times.
Smithsonian: The Chip Collection
http://smithsonianchips.si.edu/index2.htm
National Museum of American History's Chip Collection consists of
individual donations of objects, images and documentation that
traces the history of integrated circuits.
Stanford Silicon Valley Archives
http://svarchive.stanford.edu/img/trans.gif
Housed in the Special Collections of Stanford University
Libraries, Stanford’s Silicon Valley Archives identify, preserve,
and make documentary record of science and technology, and related
business and cultural activities in Silicon Valley, available to
students, scholars, and the general public; provides access to
professional correspondence, research notes, diaries, journals,
project files, technical reports, organization charts and other
corporate records, patent applications, blueprints, company
brochures, product documentation, photographs, and transcripts or
recordings of speeches and interviews.
The Tech Museum of Innovation
http://www.thetech.org/
The Tech is a cosmopolitan museum singularly focused on technology
-- how it works and the way that it is changing every aspect of
the way we work, live, play and learn. Its people-and-technology
focus and the integration of advanced technologies into visitor
experiences and infrastructure, distinguishes it from other
science centers.
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